PM-PRANAM which promotes chemical-free farming using indigenous techniques like cow-based farming, composting, and bio-inputs. This initiative also complements PM-KISAN, which provides direct income support of ₹6,000 per year to small and marginal farmers.
The PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness Generation, Nourishment, and Amelioration of Mother-Earth (PM-PRANAM) is a visionary initiative launched by the Narendra Modi government to preserve soil health, promote sustainable agriculture, and reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers. Approved by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) on June 28, 2023, the program is designed to encourage balanced fertilizer use, adoption of organic alternatives, and resource conservation technologies, ensuring a greener and healthier future for India.
Key Objectives of PM-PRANAM
PM-PRANAM seeks to address multiple challenges in Indian agriculture, focusing on:
Reduction in Chemical Fertilizer Consumption
14 states have collectively reduced their chemical fertilizer usage by 15.14 LMT (Lakh Metric Tonnes) in FY 2023-24 when compared to the average consumption over the previous three financial years. This reduction is crucial as excessive chemical fertilizer use leads to soil degradation, groundwater contamination, and environmental hazards. By shifting towards organic and bio-fertilizers, farmers can maintain soil fertility while reducing long-term dependence on chemical inputs.
Incentive-Based Approach for States
To encourage participation, the Modi government has introduced a financial incentive mechanism. States receive 50% of the subsidy amount saved due to reduced fertilizer consumption, which can be reinvested into agriculture, organic farming initiatives, and farmer welfare programs. This creates a win-win situation—reducing the financial burden on the government (by cutting fertilizer subsidies) while motivating states to adopt sustainable agricultural practices.
Alignment with Other Key Agricultural Policies
National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF): PM-PRANAM works in tandem with NMNF, which promotes chemical-free farming using indigenous techniques like cow-based farming, composting, and bio-inputs. PM-KISAN: The initiative also complements PM-KISAN, which provides direct income support of ₹6,000 per year to small and marginal farmers. Other Farmer-Centric Policies: The program aligns with Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP) and Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), both of which promote organic farming practices.
Impact and Achievements
Since its launch, PM-PRANAM has already started delivering significant results:
- 14 states have reduced chemical fertilizer consumption by 15.14 LMT (Lakh Metric Tonnes) in FY 2023-24 compared to the previous three-year average.
- States receive 50% of the fertilizer subsidy saved as an incentive, encouraging further participation in sustainable agricultural practices.
- The initiative supports the National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF) and aligns with PM-KISAN and other farmer-centric policies.
The Growing Shift Towards Sustainable Agriculture
The Modi government has been actively promoting organic and natural farming through initiatives such as:
1. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) – Encouraging Traditional Organic Farming
Launched: 2015 under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
Objective: Promote cluster-based organic farming, reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers, and enhance soil health.
Implementation:
- Farmers are organized into clusters (20-hectare units) to adopt organic farming practices.
- Financial assistance of ₹50,000 per hectare for a 3-year period to cover organic inputs like bio-fertilizers, compost, and certification.
- Encourages local marketing of organic produce through direct farmer-consumer linkages.
Impact:
- Over 30 lakh hectares of farmland brought under organic farming.
- Strengthened the Organic Certification System, helping Indian farmers access export markets.
2. Bhartiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP) – Supporting Chemical-Free Farming
Launched: 2020 under the National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF)
Objective: Promote zero-budget natural farming (ZBNF) using indigenous techniques to reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Key Features:
- Encourages use of cow dung, cow urine, compost, and natural bio-stimulants for soil enrichment.
- No external chemical inputs—ensures sustainable and low-cost farming.
- Focus on resource conservation technologies (such as water-efficient irrigation and crop rotation).
Impact:
- Implemented in 8 states, covering over 4 lakh hectares.
- Reduced input costs, improved farmer incomes, and enhanced climate resilience.
3. Nano Urea Introduction – A Revolutionary Step to Reduce Dependency on Conventional Urea
Launched by: Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) in 2021
Objective: Provide an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional urea.
How It Works:
- Liquid Nano Urea (LNU) is sprayed directly on leaves, allowing better nitrogen absorption compared to granular urea.
- A 500ml bottle of Nano Urea replaces a 50kg bag of traditional urea, reducing wastage and pollution.
Benefits:
- Improves nutrient efficiency by 80% compared to conventional urea.
- Reduces input costs for farmers, as Nano Urea is cheaper and requires lower quantities per acre.
- Cuts nitrogen pollution, preventing groundwater contamination and soil degradation.
Impact:
- Over 5 crore Nano Urea bottles sold, replacing nearly 25 million tonnes of conventional urea.
- Exported to 25+ countries, positioning India as a global leader in agri-innovation.
According to government reports:
- Over 4 lakh hectares of land have been brought under organic farming.
- More than 30 lakh farmers have adopted natural farming methods.
- The adoption of bio-fertilizers has led to an estimated 20% reduction in soil degradation.
Economic and Environmental Benefits
The economic and environmental benefits of PM-PRANAM are far-reaching:
- Reduces import dependency on costly fertilizers, saving forex reserves.
- Enhances soil fertility and biodiversity, improving long-term productivity.
- Mitigates groundwater contamination caused by excessive chemical fertilizer use.
- Boosts income for farmers practicing organic farming by providing premium market opportunities.
The Road Ahead
While PM-PRANAM has made remarkable strides, challenges remain, particularly in states like Rajasthan, which has not yet achieved a reduction in chemical fertilizer use. The government aims to:
- Expand farmer awareness programs on sustainable farming techniques.
- Encourage private sector participation in the organic fertilizer market.
- Increase research and innovation in bio-fertilizers and sustainable agriculture technologies.
PM-PRANAM is a pioneering initiative that reflects Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s commitment to sustainable and environmentally responsible agriculture. By reducing chemical fertilizer dependence, promoting organic alternatives, and rewarding responsible states, the program is shaping India’s agricultural future. With continued efforts and greater participation, India is on track to becoming a global leader in sustainable farming, aligning with the vision of Viksit Bharat 2047.
